研究報告

第36巻(2016)

研究報告36 - 1  総説 - Review

不均一系光触媒反応における光生成電荷の分離機構
Separation Mechanism for Photogenerated Charge Carriers in Heterogeneous Photocatalysts

萩原英久
富山大学研究推進機構水素同位体科学研究センター、930-8555 富山市五福3190

H. Hagiwara
Hydrogen Isotope Research Center, Organization for Promotion or Research, University of Toyama, Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan

Abstract
In heterogeneous photocatalysts, it is very important to move photoexcited charges in the semiconductor to the reaction site on the surface without recombination. In this review, we describe the process of the photocatalytic reaction from photoexcitation of semiconductor photocatalyst to surface redox reaction, and summarized various researches on the charge separation of photogenerated electrons and holes in semiconductors reported up to the present.

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研究報告36 - 2  論文 - Original

光電子増倍管の印加電圧を制御する改良積分法の液体シンチレーション計測への応用
Modified integral counting method by controlling high voltage of photomultipliers for liquid scintillation counting

原 正憲a,坂口 春菜a,中山 将人a,阿蘇 司b,庄司 美樹c,古澤 孝良d,加藤 結花d,吉村 共之d
a富山大学 研究推進機構 水素同位体科学研究センター、 〒930-8555 富山県富山市五福3190
b富山高等専門学校 電子情報子工学科、〒939-0293 射水市海老江練合 1-2
c富山大学 研究推進機構 研究推進総合支援センター 生命科学先端研究支援ユニット、〒930-0194 富山市杉谷2630
d日立製作所、〒181-8622 東京都三鷹市牟礼 6-22-1

Masanori Haraa, Haruna Sakaguchia, Masato Nakayamaa, Tsukasa Asob, Miki Shojic, Takayoshi Furusawad, Yuka Katod, Tomoyuki Yoshimurad, Tomohiro Ozaki
aHydrogen Isotope Research Renter, Organization for Promotion of Research, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930-8555, Japan bElectronics and Computer Engineering, Toyama National College of Technology, Ebie-neriya 1-2, Imizu city, Toyama 933-0293, Japan cLife Science Research Center, Organization for Promotion of Research, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan dHitachi, Ltd., 6-22-1 Mure, Mitaka city, Tokyo 181-8622, Japan

Abstract
The modified integral counting method by control of the high voltage of photomultipliers (MICM-HV) was investigated to show its applicability for radioactivity analysis. In the MICM-HV, pulse height spectra of the sample are measured at various high voltages of photomultipliers in the liquid scintillation counter. The spectra are converted to integral spectra, which are extrapolated to give the convergence point. The counting rate at the convergence point corresponds to the disintegration rate of the sample. The MICM-HV determines the disintegration rate with one cocktail sample and the method requires no unquenched standard sample.

Keywords: Modified integral counting method, high voltage, photomultiplier, scintillator

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研究報告36 - 3  論文 - Original

Pd-Ag-Rh三元系合金における磁化率と水素吸収量の相関
Relation between the magnetic susceptibility and the amount of absorbed hydrogen for the Pd–Ag–Rh ternary alloy

赤丸 悟士、原 正憲
富山大学 研究推進機構 水素同位体科学研究センター
〒930-8555 富山市五福3190

Satoshi Akamaru, Masanori Hara
Hydrogen Isotope Research Center, Organization for Promotion of Research, University of Toyama Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930-8555, Japan

Abstract
The magnetic susceptibility and equilibrium pressure of a Pd–Ag–Rh ternary alloy and hydrogen system were simultaneously measured, and the relationship between the magnetic susceptibility and the amount of absorbed hydrogen was investigated. The magnetic susceptibility linearly decreased to a value approaching zero with increasing hydrogen content. A high hydrogen content with a magnetic susceptibility close to zero is consistent with a hydride phase. This behavior is similar to that of Pd–Ag or Pd–Rh binary alloys and hydrogen systems, suggesting that the amount of hydrogen absorbed by the Pd–Ag–Rh ternary alloy is correlated with its electronic band structure, as in the case of the Pd-binary alloys.

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研究報告36 - 4  論文 - Original

多角バレルスパッタリング法を用いて調製したRu–Ni/TiO2触媒のCO2メタン化反応特性
CO2 Methanation Performance of a Ru–Ni/TiO2 Catalyst Prepared by the Polygonal Barrel-Sputtering Method

井上 光浩1),3)、島 明日香2),3)、宮崎 かほり1)、専光寺 旭洋2),3)、 オマール メンドーサ2),3)、魯 保旺1),3)、曽根 理嗣2,3)、阿部 孝之1),3)
1)富山大学研究推進機構水素同位体科学研究センター、〒930-8555 富山市五福3190
2)宇宙航空研究開発機構、〒168-8522 東京都調布市深大寺東町7-44-1
〒252-5210 神奈川県相模原市中央区由野台3-1-1
3)科学技術振興機構CREST

Mitsuhiro Inoue,1,3) Asuka Shima,2,3) Kaori Miyazaki,1) Teruhiro Senkoji,2,3) Omar Mendoza,2,3) Baowang Lu,1,3) Yoshitsugu Sone,2,3) Takayuki Abe1,3)
1) Hydrogen isotope research center, Organization for promotion of research, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
2)Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency,Jindaiji Higashi-machi 7-44-1, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8522, Japan
Yoshinodai 3-1-1, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
3)JST-CREST

Abstract
A TiO2-supported Ru–Ni alloy (Ru–Ni/TiO2) catalyst (atomic ratio of Ru:Ni = 50:50) for the CO2 methanation reaction was prepared by the polygonal barrel-sputtering method. Sputtering was performed with an area ratio of the Ru and Ni targets of 1:1, Ar gas pressure of 0.8 Pa, and AC power of the radiofrequency power supply of 100 W without heating. As a result, the Ru–Ni alloy nanoparticles were highly dispersed on the TiO2 particles used as the support. The particle sizes were distributed between 1 and 5 nm (average size: 2.5 nm), which is similar to the size distribution of a Ru/TiO2 sample prepared by the same method in our previous study. However, the CO2 methanation performance of Ru–Ni/TiO2 is not as high as that of the above-mentioned Ru/TiO2 sample. This might be because of the lower catalytic activity of Ni than Ru.

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研究報告36 - 5  ノート - Note

α-Al2O3担持Ptナノ粒子触媒のCO酸化活性と着火現象
Ignition-extinction phenomena in CO oxidation reaction over “dry” impregnated platinum nanoparticles on α-Al2O3

田口 明*,尾崎 智弘
富山大学水素同位体科学研究センター、930-8555富山市五福3190

Akira Taguchi*, Tomohiro Ozaki
Hydrogen Isotope Research Center, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan


Abstract

To understand the hydrogen absorption and desorption behaviors of Pd under air, we performed real time measurements of the electrical resistance of Pd under gas mixture with various oxygen contents. The hydrogen absorption rate was independent of oxygen concentration. Conversely, the hydrogen desorption rate in the presence of oxygen was faster than that without oxygen, suggesting that the additional desorption path including water formation reaction appears in the hydrogen desorption process in the presence of oxygen. The hydrogen concentration in Pd at equilibrium decreased with increasing oxygen concentration in gas phase because the hydrogen adsorption sites become partially occupied by oxygen atoms.

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